Concrete structure and method of making same.



J. B. MARSH.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

APPLIOATION FILED FEB.28,1910.

PatentedFeb. 10, 1914.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

J. B. MARSH.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

APPLICATION IILED I'EB.28, 1910.

1,086,678. r Patented Feb. 10, 1914.

l,' il/, S "WM/ 71 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

JAMES B. MARSH, 0F DES MOINES IOWA.

CONCRETE STRUCTURE AND METHOD OF MAKING SAME.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed February 28, 1910. Serial No. 548,455.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMES B. MARSH, a citizen of the United States, residing at Des Moines, in the county of Polk and State of Iowa, have invented a certain new and use My objects are to provide a piling of simple, durable and inexpensive construction that may be driven with an ordinary pile driver and which is so constructed and arranged that after it is driven the concrete for forming the structure may be firmly and securely united with the piling in a simple and inexpensive manner so that a structure such as a bridge may be formed complete of driven concrete piling, and a substantially fiat roadway with supporting beams and braces all made of concrete.

A further object is to provide an improved method for making concrete struc- 'tures whereby the roadway portion of a structure such as a bridge may "be firmly and securely united to a supporting pile driveninto the ground in such a manner that the structure when completed will be united with the piling just as firmly and securely as though they had been molded or cast complete in one piece.

' My invention consists in the construction of the piling and the means for uniting the piling with the superstructure and also in the method of constructing concrete structures such as bridges whereby the objects contem lated are attained, as hereinafter more iiilly set forth, pointed out in my claim and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: I

Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a structure embodying my invention with parts broken away to show details of construction. In said figure the arrangement of the reinforcing rods is illustrated in some places by dotted lines. Fig. 2 shows a vertical, central, sectional view of a piling embodying my invention. Fig. 3 shows an enlarged, sectional view on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 shows an enlarged, sectional view on the line H of Fig. 2. Fig. 5

shows an enlarged, sectional view on the line ,5-5 of Fig. 2. Fig.6 shows a longi- Patented Feb. 10,1914.

tudinal, sectional view of a concrete piling showing a modified form of the invention;

that for use in connection with a retaining wall. Fig. 7. shows a sectional view on the line 7-7 of Fig 6, and Fig.8 shows a detail, sectional-view illustrating the arrange ment of'the reinforcing rods and the connection between the ture and said rcds. Referring to the accompanying drawings,I have used the'reference numeral 10 .to-.,indi cate the concrete bodyv portion of the piling. The upper portion of this is preferably rectangular in cross section and of uniform thickness and the lower portion, as clearly shown in Fig. 2, is tapered toward its lower end. I have provided for strengthening and reinforcing the pile by means of longitudinal reinforcin adjacent to the corners of the pile, which rods are connected by means of reinforcing rods 12 which extend from one rod to the other around the four sides oi the pile as shown in Fig. 5. Near the central portion of the pile I provide on one or more sides arecess 13 and in the concrete material within the recess I place a number of headed -bolts or rods 14, the heads of which extend close to the surface of the pile adjacent to the recess but do not project beyond the side of the pile. I also provide a number of openings 15 in the ile extending from said recesses through t e pile. In addition to this at the point where the recess 13 is located I provide a series of rods 16 which rods are made substantially trian gular in outline, one corner of each rod being projected out through the recess 13 piling, the superstrucrods 11 to a point substantially flush with the adjacent side of the pile thus providin in the. completed pile a loo such as is indicated at 17 in Fig. 4: to t ereby provide an anchorage for reinforcing wires or rods to be attached to the pile. At the top of the pile I provide a series of recesses 18 similar.

to the recesses 13. Each is provided with a series of headed bolts or rods 19 and openings 20 extend through the pile from the central portion of one recess to the central portion of the recesses on the opposite side.

In the modified form of pile shown in Figs. 6 and 7 I have shown a series of openings 21 extending through the pile from side to side for the purpose of admitting reinforcing wires or rods as will hereinafter appear.

Referring to Fig. 1 of the drawings, the Structure therein illustrated is a portion of a bridge and it comprises a floor 22 provided with a series of transverse beams 23 and longitudinal beams 24. I have also illustrated a retaining wall 25 at one end of the bridge. The beams23 and 24 are preferably provided with brackets 26 formed at their ends adjacent to the piling .which supports the bridge. These brackets 26 as well as the ends of the beams are arranged to project into the recesses 18 in the piling and they are also arranged to be cast or molded around the headed bolts or rods in said recesses. As an additional means of strengthening and reinforcin the connection between the-beams and t e piling I rovide a series of reinforcing rods 27 whic are extended through the openings 20 after the piling are in position and before the superstructure is cast or molded. These rods have their ends extended into the beams and they are also of considerably smaller diameter than the openings through which they are extended in the piling, hence, when the su erstructure is cast or molded the said rein orcing rods will not only be firmly united with the superstructure but the concrete material will flow through the o enings and around the reinforcing rods an will firmly unite said rods to the pilin In order to connect two side by side p1 in with each other, I have provided the intermediate braces 28, the ends of which enter the recesses 13 and said braces are provided with reinforcing wires or rods as indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. The ends of the brace 28 project into the recesses 13 and surround the headed bolts therein in the manner before described. At the end of the bridge or wherever it is desired to provide a retaining wall I place the piling having openings 21 therein and after the piling are driven I extend rods 29 through said openings and then mold or cast a solid concrete retaining wall surrounding said rods, the concrete material being arranged to flow through the openings in the piling and seal the ro s to the piling.

It is well known that a concrete article such as a piling must not only be set but it must be seasoned for a certain length of time before it attains its maximum strength so that it may successfully be driven with an ordinary pile driver. It is also well known that after one concrete article has been set and hardened and seasoned it cannot be united with a freshly molded or cast concrete'structure but there will always be a division line between the two; hence, it is necessary to provide some means such as that herein shown and described for uniting the seasoned concrete piling with the other portions of the structure. It is also important that the piling be made so that they may be driven by the use of. an ordinary pile driver. For this reason they must -be constructed without projections beyond the sides thereof, hence, it would not be practicable to use reinforcing rods that project-beyond the sides of the piling as they would'interfere with the piling being driven in the ordinary manner.

In connection with the loops 17 illustrated in Fig. 4, it is obvious that reinforcing rods or wires may readily and easily be connected with said loops and extended into adjoining structural elements for the purpose of firmly uniting them to the pile.

My" improved method of making concrete structures is as follows: I first provide piling that have been previously set and seasoned and that are provided with recesses in their faces and also with openingsextending through the recesses. I then drive the piling in an ordinary manner and after it has been driven I place rods through the openings to project beyond them into the structure to be cast or molded. I then erect suitable molds or frames for forming the structure and then pour into them the concrete material to form the structure. I then permit the material to set and harden and finally remove the mold or frame. It is obvious that by constructingthe structure in the manner just described the horizontal beams will become firmly united with the piling for the reason that portion of the beams will set into the recesses in the piling and for the further reason that the material which forms the beams will surround and be firmly united to the headed bolts in said recesses. Furthermore the material will also flow through the openings through which the reinforcin rods are extended and it will seal the rein orcing rods to theconcrete piling. In this manner it is possible to provide a connection between a concrete piling that is previously set and hardened and a structure such as a bridge in such a manner that it will withstand. the usual strains to be borne by the bridge so that a structure will be provided that will be-sufiiciently strong and all of the ex ense of digging holes for the uprights an of providing molds for casting or molding the uprights may be dispensed with and so that a bridge may be constructed of driven piling and a fiat roadway with supporting earns at a minimum of expense.

I claim as my invention:

7 A cement structure, comprising a number of reinforced concrete vertical frame memhers capable of bein driven into the ground and having longitudinal recesses formed in their sides at their upper ends and having a plurality of horizontal openings, horizontal beams, downwardly extending brackets thereon having portions received in said longitudinal recesses, rods smaller in diamv eter than said horizontal openings extending through some of said openings and extended upwardlyinto said brackets, a connecting brace between said frame members having enlarged portions at its end, longitudinal rods extending through said brackets and through other of said horizontal openings, and rods extending through still Des Moines, Iowa, Feb. 19, 1910.

JAMES B MARSH.

Witnesses:

MARY WALLACE, W. A. Lorrns. 

